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Basic Rulesor"Most Abused Rules"Even more important than how well you hit the ball is whether you know the basic rules and etiquette of the game. ETIQUETTE The official USGA Rules of Golf consist of 34 rules with hundreds of definitions, decisions and clauses. Here are some of the basic rules everyone should know.
1. Giving advice on the course: You cannot ask what club a fellow-competitor or opponent used, or tell anyone how to execute a swing. You can ask your partner what club she used. You can ask how far it is from your ball or what the yardage is from a permanent marker that is public knowledge. You cannot ask if your ball is playable if someone finds a lost ball for you (but you can ask for Rules of Golf information on what your options are for an unplayable lie). 2. Grounding a club in a hazard: Before hitting a ball out of a bunker or water hazard, you are prohibited from touching the ground in the hazard with your club or hand, even when setting up to the ball. You may not touch or move any loose impediments (such as rocks or leaves), nor test the condition of the sand before hitting. 3. Where to play a ball which is in a water hazard: It is a question of fact whether a ball that has not been found after having been struck toward a water hazard is in the hazard. In order to apply the Rule, it must be known or virtually certain that the ball is in the hazard. You cannot drop a ball along the imaginary line known as the "line of flight." For a regular water hazard, marked with yellow stakes or lines, there are two options: under penalty of one stroke a) play a ball as nearly as possible at the spot from which the original ball was last played; or b) drop a ball behind the water hazard, keeping the point at which the original ball last crossed the margin of the water hazard between the hole and the spot on which the ball is dropped, with no limit to how far behind the water hazard the ball may be dropped. SEE EXAMPLES. For a lateral water hazard, marked with red stakes or lines, there are four options, the first two are the same as for a regular hazard. The other two options are under penalty of one stroke c) drop a ball outside the water hazard within 2 club-lengths of and not nearer the hole than (i) the point where the original ball last crossed the margin of the water hazard; or (ii) a point on the opposite margin of the water hazard equidistant from the hole. SEE EXAMPLES. 4. Improving your lie or position by moving growing things: You cannot improve the position or lie of your ball, the area of your intended swing, or your line of play by moving or bending anything growing or fixed, or moving or pressing anything down with your club or foot, unless you are taking your stance or actually making a stroke. 5. Procedure for a lost ball: If a ball is lost or out-of-bounds, the player MUST go back and hit again from the point where the last shot was played (one stroke penalty). If you lose your ball on your drive, you must return to the tee (and may re-tee the ball) to play your third shot, etc. Golfers commonly look for a lost ball longer than the 5 minutes allowed. The time begins when the golfer or partner start looking for the ball. 6. Playing a provisional ball: When a golfer hits a ball from the teeing ground and feels the ball may be lost or out-of-bounds, she should wait for all other players in the group to tee off, then hit her "provisional" ball. If the first ball is lost or out-of-bounds, the provisional ball will become the ball in play with one penalty stroke. In other words, the player lies three. If the first ball is found on the golf course, it remains the ball in play and the provisional ball MUST be picked up without any penalty. (Remember to always announce that the second ball you're hitting is a provisional and use the word "provisional," or the original ball is out of play and you are lying three.) Any other time you hit a ball that may be lost or out-of-bounds, you MUST announce and play the "provisional" ball before going forward to search for the first ball. NEVER say "I am going back to hit a provisional ball." Be sure to clearly identify the two balls with different brands, numbers or marks to be sure which ball is first and which is second. 7. Taking relief from immovable obstructions: If a player's ball comes to rest on or close to an immovable obstruction such as a sprinkler head, road or cart path, and the lie, stance or area of intended swing is interfered with by this obstruction, the player is allowed to drop a ball, without penalty, within one club-length of the nearest point of relief, providing it's no closer to the hole than where the ball originally had come to rest. The player should determine the nearest point of relief using the club she expects to play her next stoke. Then she may use any club to measure the one club length area in which to drop the ball. The nearest point of relief is the point where the ball will be played which is nearest to where the original ball lies, which is not nearer the hole and where, if the ball were so positioned, no interference by the condition would exist for the stroke the player would have made from the original position if the condition were not there. SEE EXAMPLE. 8. What to do if your ball is unplayable: When a ball comes to rest under a large bush, some golfers think they can measure the 2 club-lengths from the edge of the bush. This is WRONG -- the 2 club-lengths MUST be measured from the ball's position. There are actually three options for a ball declared unplayable by a player: under penalty of one stroke, a) play a ball as nearly as possible at the spot from which the original ball was last played; or b) drop a ball behind the point where the ball lay, keeping that point directly between the hole and the spot on which the ball is dropped, with no limit to how far behind the point the ball may be dropped; or c)drop a ball within 2 club-lengths of the spot where the ball lay, but not nearer the hole. If the unplayable ball is in a bunker, the player may proceed under Clause a, b or c. If she elects to proceed under Clause b or c, a ball must be dropped in the bunker. SEE EXAMPLES. 9. Touching the line of putt: On the putting green, a player may not touch the line of putt other than to: 1)move loose impediments by picking them up or brushing them aside with a hand or club; 2)address the ball; or 3)to mark and lift the ball or remove movable obstructions. The player can repair old hole plugs or ball marks, but not spike marks.
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